Process of manufacturing brick or tile.



1 06. COMPOSITIONS,

COATING OR PLASTIC.

Cross. Reference UNITED STATES PALTENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING BRICK OR TILE.

Patented July 25, 1905.

Application filed May 18, 1905. Seriallilo. 261,065.

10 all II'hf/HL it ntay concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. Goxn, a citizen of the United States,residing at Carlton, in the county of Carlton and State of Minnesota,have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Processes ofManufacturing Brick or Tile; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable'others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

My invention relates to and has for its object an improved process ofmanufacturing brick or tile whereby the usually necessary burning may beavoided and a durable brick containing a very large andevenly-distributed proportion of sand or substitute therefor may befinished at comparatively smallexpense.

My process consists in thoroughly mixing together in a dry condition alarge proportion ofgranulatedor owdered slate rock or sand. or equiva en0 y ma eria an a very sma proportion of dr Y Portland cement orequivalent cementitious material; then very slightly dampening ormoistening the mixture by spraying or by subjecting the same to asuitable vapor, as steam, but not sufficiently to bind the'particlestogether without pressure; then subjecting the compou'ndin molds togreat pressure; then removing the resulting bricks and storing them fora period of from thirty-six to forty-eight hours in a dam 'or 01stenvelo or environment. In making v such liricks or Eile'iihe use forwhich they are intended will ,to some extent govern the proportions ofthe dry component parts thereof; but by my process I am enabled to makebricks containing a much smaller percentage of water and cement than isnecessary in the making of concrete or artificial stone for the samepurposes by the usual method of tamping the compound in molds withmanuallyoperated mauls. By my process I also avoid the necessity forburning the bricks which exists inthe manufacture of so-called dryclaybricks. The proportion of cement to sand in durable bricks made by myprocess may be about five hundred per cent. less than in concrete bricksor stones of uniform mix ture and equal size,'strength, and shape madeby the usual tamping process.

In manufacturing brick or tile by my process the proper form andpressure may, however, be given them by anysuitable moldingpress-such asis used for making brick by the so-called dry-clay proeessas, for exam--ple, the commercially-known Boyd brickpress or by the mechanismdisclosed in the United States Letters Patent No. 521,535, dated June19, 1894, issued to me for improvements in the manufacture of bricks. Inpractice I prefer to use from six to ten thousand pounds pressure persquare inch upon said compound in the mold, and it is obvious that ifthe compound were not nearly dry in the mold the excessive moisturewould prevent the desired packing together of the mineral elements ofthe brick in the close association requisite when so small a proportionof cement is used with so large a proportion of sand or slate orequivalent.

One purpose of storing the brick in a moist environment after molding isthat should they have been too dry in the mold they may ab-.

sorb enough moisture to thoroughly set the cement. Another reason isthat the cement may have time to set before the brick is completelydried.

I am aware that cement and sand or its equivalent have been mixed dryand then wet down and molded into stone or brick by tamping in molds,and I am aware of the so-called dry process of forming a pressing-claybrick which are afterward burned.

IVhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The process or method of making b icks. or tile, which consists ofmixing dry sand or granulated or powdered slate or tlieiffequivalentwith a very small.proportion of drynement and then very sli htlydampening the co'm'pb dnd but not siiiiibintly to cause the bulk of thecomponent mineral particles to adhere to each other without pressure,and then subjecting it in molds to a pressure of upward of five thousandpounds per. square inch of brick area, and then storing the bricks soformed in a moist environment for upward of thirty-six hours,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES B. OOXE.

Witnesses:

JAMES T. VVA'rsoN, AUDEN JOHNSON.

EXAMINER

